Author Archives: Carol-Lynne Moore

Choreutics Is Inspirational … and More

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I have always found Rudolf Laban’s book, Choreutics, to be inspiring.

Here are a few of my favorite quotations:

  • “Movement is the life of space.”
  • “Stability and mobility endlessly alternate.”
  • “Although in analysis we look at movement from the standpoint of an outside observer, we should try to feel it sympathetically from within.”

Find your own inspiration in the upcoming hybrid workshop, “Decoding Laban’s Choreutics,” offered in conjunction with the Laban/Bartenieff Institute of Movement Studies.

 … Read More

Effort, Shape, and Decision Making

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Coming from art to dance, Laban had been encouraged to consider static forms in nature as full of expressive forces and movements. Thus, from the beginning, shapes also possessed an effort character for Laban.  This seems to have led to his theory of effort/space affinities.

As Warren Lamb studied natural human movements, he drew on Laban’s theory of effort/space affinities.  He used the theory to integrate the observation of both shape change and effort change.  This was based on his discovery that both facets of movement reflect individual decision-making processes and interaction needs.… Read More

Arabesque, Attitude, and “Fundamental Urges”

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In addition to identifying four formal elements of line in dance tradition, Laban also noted two contrasting forms – the arabesque and the attitude.  While these have become stylized motions in ballet, Laban perceives the arabesque more generally as any direct, scattering shape and the attitude as any flexible, gathering motion.

Both forms reveal something about the mover’s relationship to the surrounding environment.   According to Laban, both represent “fundamental urges.”  The direct scattering or pushing away motion of the arabesque expresses repulsion, while the flexible gathering action of the attitude is a gesture of possession.… Read More

Essential Shape Change

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The formal elements of line – straight, curved, twisted, and rounded – identified by Laban are now called “spoke-like and arc-like directional movements” and “carving.”  Yet beneath these fundamental forms a more essential mode of shape change has been identified by Warren Lamb and Judith Kestenberg – shape flow.

Shape flow, the amoeba like growing and shrinking of the body, is a mode of shape change present at birth.  Shape flow allows the nearly helpless neonate to grow towards what it needs and to shrink away from what is hurtful or noxious.… Read More

Expressive Lines of Motion

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As Laban began to study the expressive lines of dance, he perceived relationships between form and the anatomical structure of human joints.

“The tradition of dance,” Laban writes, “enumerates four fundamental trace-forms which have the following shapes:  straight, curved, twisted, and rounded.”  All more complex shapes “are built up by these four formal elements.”

According to Laban, this limitation to four shapes is governed by the body’s anatomical structure, which permits only certain movements to be made by bending, stretching, twisting, and combinations of these actions.… Read More

From Visual Lines to Dancing Shapes

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In 1913, the painter Rudolf Laban declared he was giving up art to pursue his interest in dance.

He did not really give up art, however.  He continued to sketch and draw, using his graphic skills to study the evanescent shapes traced on space by the moving body.

Coming of age as a European artist during the transition from Art Nouveau to Abstract Expressionism gave Laban some powerful ideas and skills with which to study movement shapes.  For example, Hermann Obrist, with whom Laban studied, admonished his students to understand natural objects as images “full of expressive forces, full of linear, plastic, constructive movements.”… Read More

What’s in a Shape?

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Shape has emerged as category of its own in the Laban/Bartenieff canon.  Just as there are four motion factors and eight effort qualities, Shape also has its component elements.

In the forthcoming MoveScape Center course, we will be exploring various aspects of shape, starting with Laban’s notions and tracing evolutions and developments.

While the course will cover modes of shape change and shape qualities, participants will also explore related concepts such as fundamental trace-forms (straight, curved, twisted, and rounded); body carriage (pin, ball, wall, screw); gathering/scattering; convex/concave; and motion versus destination (in relation to the shape qualities).… Read More

Shape Makes Four

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Nowadays the Laban/Bartenieff canon is a quaternity of four elements of motion: Body, Effort, Space, and Shape – or BESS for short.

Thus it seems that over the decades since I was certificated, Shape has emerged as a category of movement distinct from Body, Effort, and Space.

To be honest, Shape was always lurking backstage, as “modes of shape change” and gerunds like “rising, descending.”  But it’s emergence as a principal performer is new.  And when Shape takes centerstage, the audience responds not only with bravos, but also with cat calls.… Read More

Body Makes Three

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By the time I was studying Effort/Shape at the Dance Notation Bureau with Irmgard Bartenieff, the Laban taxonomy had a third component – Body.  This makes sense – there is no visible movement from place to place or mood to mood without the dancer.

Moreover, the integration of Bartenieff Fundamentals into the Laban canon added the essential element of functional action and connectivity to support full expressivity in Effort and Space.

So when did Shape come into its own?  Find out more in the next blog.… Read More

Laban Had Two: Choreutics and Eukinetics

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According to Rudolf Laban, “The dancer moves, not only from place to place, but also from mood to mood.”  In this beautifully simple statement, he lays out the two broad domains of his movement taxonomy – Space (the movement from place to place) and Effort (the movement from mood to mood).

Laban’s protégé, Warren Lamb, later used the term Shape in place of the word “Space.”  He wrote, “Effort goes with Shape organically… These are the two components of movement.”

Lamb goes on to explain that “Some interpretations of my work make it appear that I invented the concept of Shape, but in fact Laban made it clear that this duality was the basis of his work with his definitions of Eukinetics (Effort) and Choreutics (Shape).”… Read More